“BLACK POWER” AND BLACK RHETORICAL TRADITION: THE PROVERBIAL LANGUAGE OF STOKELY CARMICHAEL
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This essay explores some of the proverbs, sayings, and proverbial expressions used by Stokely Carmichael (1941-1998) that are found in writings such as: Black Power the Politics of Liberation in America (1967), Stokely Speaks: From Black Power to Pan-Africanism (1971), and his autobiography, Ready for Revolution: The Life and Times of Stokely Carmichael (2003). In the process of analyzing traditional language used by Carmichael, this essay also: (1) seeks to identify sources from which Carmichael’s sayings are derived, (2) examine some of the contexts in which they are used, (3) determine the extent that they illustrate Carmichael’s ever-evolving political philosophies and worldview during the Civil Rights Era (1954-1968) and the African Independence Movement (1950-1975) respectively, (4) and it also seeks to categorize Carmichael’s proverbs, sayings, and proverbial expressions based on origin, structure, and traits (such as word count and subject matter). (5) Additionally, this essay considers the extent that his proverbial language is used to establish, reinforce, and regulate both personal and professional relationships throughout his entire life.
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